Objective: To explore the relationship between parental rejection and psychological adjustment in children and adolescents, and the moderating role of the other parent’ s acceptance in this relationship. Methods: Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were administered to 531 children and adolescents’ parents. Results: (1) Both paternal and maternal acceptance were positively correlated with children’s prosocial behaviors, and negatively correlated with children’ s conduct problems and hyperactivity-Inattention; both paternal and maternal rejection were negatively correlated with children’ s prosocial behaviors, and positively correlated with children’s emotional symptoms, conduct problems and hyperactivity-Inattention; (2) Paternal acceptance significantly moderated the relationship between maternal rejection and children’s prosocial behaviors; similarly, paternal acceptance moderated the relationship between maternal rejection and children’s conduct problems. Conclusion: These findings suggest that paternal acceptance buffets the impact of maternal rejection on prosocial behaviors and conduct problems in children and adolescents.